Qt-4.8.5
Introduction to Qt
Qt is a cross-platform application
framework that is widely used for developing application software
with a graphical user interface (GUI) (in which cases Qt is
classified as a widget toolkit), and also used for developing
non-GUI programs such as command-line tools and consoles for
servers. One of the major users of Qt is KDE.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.5
platform.
Package Information
Qt Dependencies
Required
Xorg
Libraries
Recommended
alsa-lib-1.0.27.2, MesaLib-10.0.3, Certificate Authority
Certificates, D-Bus-1.8.0, GLib-2.38.2,
ICU-52.1 (unicode support), libjpeg-turbo-1.3.0, libmng-2.0.2, libpng-1.6.9,
LibTIFF-4.0.3, OpenSSL-1.0.1f, and SQLite-3.8.3.1
Optional
Cups-1.7.1, GTK+-2.24.22 (GTK+ 2 theme support),
gst-plugins-base-0.10.36 (For
QtWebKit HTML5 Video), MariaDB-10.0.8
or MySQL-5.6.16, PostgreSQL-9.3.3, PulseAudio-4.0, and unixODBC-2.3.2
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/qt4
Qt Installation Alternatives
The installation of Qt presents
several challenges and choices. Complicating the Qt installation is
the fact that there are two versions, Qt4 and Qt5,
that have executable programs with identical names. If both
packages are installed on one system, the only methods to manage
which set of programs is used is to either control the users'
PATH
or to rename files either directly
or via symbolic links. Both packages cannot be installed in the
same directory.
If you are only going to install one of the Qt versions, the choice
of installation methods is easier. You can either install the
components in the several directories of the /usr
hierarchy or install the entire package in a
separate directory of your choice. We refer to these options below
as "Method 1: Installing in /usr" and "Method 2: Installing in
/opt".
If both versions of Qt are to be installed, one or both versions
need to be installed in a separate directory. For the purposes here
we use the /opt
directory. The
selection of which version is being used by individual users on a
system is controlled by the PATH
variable. Other systems can be designed, but the BLFS editors find
the PATH
method easiest.
The advantage of installing in /usr
is that no updates to the /etc/ld.so.conf
or /etc/man_db.conf
files are required. The package
files are distributed within several subdirectories of the
/usr
hierarchy. This is the method
that most commercial distributions use. The disadvantage for BLFS
users is that this Qt instance cannot be upgraded while it is in
use. For instance, it cannot be upgraded from a running KDE
environment. It also precludes having multiple versions of Qt on
your system and does not allow reverting to an existing, known
working instance of Qt.
The advantage of installing Qt in
a custom directory such as /opt/qt-4.8.5
or /opt/qt-5.2.1
or is that it keeps all the package
files consolidated in a dedicated directory hierarchy. By using
this method, an update can be made without overwriting a previous
installation and users can easily revert to a previous version by
changing one symbolic link or merely changing the PATH variable. It
also allows a developer to maintain multiple versions of
Qt4 or Qt5 for testing.
Installation of Qt
Caution
If you did not install some of the recommended dependencies,
examine ./configure
--help output to check how to disable them or use
internal versions bundled in the source tarball.
Warning
If Qt4 is being reinstalled into
the same directory as an existing instance, run the following
commands from a console or non-Qt4 based window manager. It
overwrites Qt4 libraries that
should not be in use during the install process.
Note
The build time and space required for the full Qt is quite long. The instructions below do
not build the tutorials and examples. Removing the -nomake
lines will create a
complete build.
Method 1: Installing in /usr
Install Qt4 into the /usr
hierarchy by running the following commands:
export QT4LINK=/usr
sed -i -e "/#if/d" -e "/#error/d" -e "/#endif/d" \
config.tests/unix/libmng/libmng.cpp &&
sed -i '/CONFIG -/ a\isEmpty(OUTPUT_DIR): OUTPUT_DIR = ../..' \
src/3rdparty/webkit/Source/WebKit2/DerivedSources.pro &&
./configure -prefix /usr \
-bindir /usr/bin \
-plugindir /usr/lib/qt4/plugins \
-importdir /usr/lib/qt4/imports \
-headerdir /usr/include/qt4 \
-datadir /usr/share/qt4 \
-sysconfdir /etc/xdg \
-docdir /usr/share/doc/qt4 \
-demosdir /usr/share/doc/qt4/demos \
-examplesdir /usr/share/doc/qt4/examples \
-translationdir /usr/share/qt4/translations \
-confirm-license \
-opensource \
-release \
-dbus-linked \
-openssl-linked \
-system-sqlite \
-no-phonon \
-no-phonon-backend \
-no-nis \
-no-openvg \
-nomake demos \
-nomake examples \
-optimized-qmake &&
make
This package does not come with a test suite.
Remove references to the build directory from the .pc
files by running the following command:
find . -name "*.pc" -exec perl -pi -e "s, -L$PWD/?\S+,,g" {} \;
Now as the root
user:
make install &&
rm -rf /usr/tests
Remove references to the build directory from installed files by
running the following command as the root
user:
for file in 3Support CLucene Core DBus Declarative DesignerComponents \
Designer Gui Help Multimedia Network OpenGL Script \
ScriptTools Sql Svg Test UiTools WebKit XmlPatterns Xml phonon; do
[ -e /usr/lib/libQt${file}.prl ] &&
sed -r '/^QMAKE_PRL_BUILD_DIR/d;s/(QMAKE_PRL_LIBS =).*/\1/' \
-i /usr/lib/libQt${file}.prl
done
unset file
Method 2: Installing in /opt/qt-4.8.5
This section provides for installing Qt4 almost all of the files in
the /opt
directory.
export QT4DIR=/opt/qt-4.8.5 &&
export QT4LINK=/opt/qt4 &&
sed -i -e "/#if/d" -e "/#error/d" -e "/#endif/d" \
config.tests/unix/libmng/libmng.cpp &&
sed -i '/CONFIG -/ a\isEmpty(OUTPUT_DIR): OUTPUT_DIR = ../..' \
src/3rdparty/webkit/Source/WebKit2/DerivedSources.pro &&
./configure -prefix $QT4DIR \
-sysconfdir /etc/xdg \
-confirm-license \
-opensource \
-release \
-dbus-linked \
-openssl-linked \
-system-sqlite \
-plugin-sql-sqlite \
-no-phonon \
-no-phonon-backend \
-no-nis \
-no-openvg \
-nomake demos \
-nomake examples \
-optimized-qmake &&
make
Now, as the root
user:
make install
ln -svfn $QT4DIR /opt/qt4
Remove references to the build directory from installed files by
running the following command as the root
user:
for file in `basename -a -s .prl $QT4DIR/lib/lib*.prl`; do
sed -r -e '/^QMAKE_PRL_BUILD_DIR/d' \
-e 's/(QMAKE_PRL_LIBS =).*/\1/' \
-i $QT4DIR/lib/${file}.prl
perl -pi -e "s, -L$PWD/?\S+,,g" $QT4DIR/lib/pkgconfig/${file##lib}.pc
done
unset file
Continuing for Both Methods
For all methods, install images and create the menu entries for
installed applications. Be sure that the QT4LINK
variable is defined in root's environment
and as the root
user:
install -v -Dm644 src/gui/dialogs/images/qtlogo-64.png \
/usr/share/pixmaps/qt4logo.png &&
install -v -Dm644 tools/assistant/tools/assistant/images/assistant-128.png \
/usr/share/pixmaps/assistant-qt4.png &&
install -v -Dm644 tools/designer/src/designer/images/designer.png \
/usr/share/pixmaps/designer-qt4.png &&
install -v -Dm644 tools/linguist/linguist/images/icons/linguist-128-32.png \
/usr/share/pixmaps/linguist-qt4.png &&
install -v -Dm644 tools/qdbus/qdbusviewer/images/qdbusviewer-128.png \
/usr/share/pixmaps/qdbusviewer-qt4.png &&
install -dm755 /usr/share/applications &&
cat > /usr/share/applications/assistant-qt4.desktop << EOF
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Qt4 Assistant
Comment=Shows Qt4 documentation and examples
Exec=$QT4LINK/bin/assistant
Icon=assistant-qt4.png
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Categories=Qt;Development;Documentation;
EOF
cat > /usr/share/applications/designer-qt4.desktop << EOF
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Qt4 Designer
Comment=Design GUIs for Qt4 applications
Exec=$QT4LINK/bin/designer
Icon=designer-qt4.png
MimeType=application/x-designer;
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Categories=Qt;Development;
EOF
cat > /usr/share/applications/linguist-qt4.desktop << EOF
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Qt4 Linguist
Comment=Add translations to Qt4 applications
Exec=$QT4LINK/bin/linguist
Icon=linguist-qt4.png
MimeType=text/vnd.trolltech.linguist;application/x-linguist;
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Categories=Qt;Development;
EOF
cat > /usr/share/applications/qdbusviewer-qt4.desktop << EOF
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Qt4 QDbusViewer
GenericName=D-Bus Debugger
Comment=Debug D-Bus applications
Exec=$QT4LINK/bin/qdbusviewer
Icon=qdbusviewer-qt4.png
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Categories=Qt;Development;Debugger;
EOF
cat > /usr/share/applications/qtconfig-qt4.desktop << EOF
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Qt4 Config
Comment=Configure Qt4 behavior, styles, fonts
Exec=$QT4LINK/bin/qtconfig
Icon=qt4logo.png
Terminal=false
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Categories=Qt;Settings;
EOF
Command Explanations
sed -i ...: First
command fixes detection of libmng
2.0 and second one prevents configure script from writing to the
root directory if building as privileged user.
-confirm-license
: Accept
license without prompting user during configuration.
-opensource
: Install the
opensource version of Qt.
-release
: This switch
disables building with debugging symbols.
-nomake examples -nomake
demos
: These switches disable building programs that
are only of interest to a developer using Qt.
-system-sqlite
: This switch
enables use the system version of SQLite.
-no-nis
: This switch
disables support for Network Information Service (NIS) which has
been deprecated in recent versions of Glibc.
-no-phonon
-no-phonon-backend
: These switches disable building of
the bundled Phonon library. Better
version is provided by phonon-4.7.1 package.
-dbus-linkend
-openssl-linkend
: These switches enable explicit
linking of the D-Bus and
OpenSSL libraries into
Qt libraries instead of
dlopen()-ing them.
-no-openvg
: This switch
disables OpenVG support in
Qt.
-optimized-qmake
: This
switch enables building of the optimized qmake program.
-no-dbus
: Use this switch if you don't
have D-Bus installed.
Configuring Qt
Configuration
Information
If you installed Qt in /usr,
create an environment variable needed by certain packages. As the
root
user:
cat > /etc/profile.d/qt4.sh << EOF
# Begin /etc/profile.d/qt4.sh
QT4DIR=/usr
export QT4DIR
# End /etc/profile.d/qt4.sh
EOF
If you installed Qt in a
location other than /usr, you need to update the following
configuration files so that Qt
is correctly found by other packages and system processes.
As the root
user, update the
/etc/ld.so.conf
file and the
dynamic linker's run-time cache file:
cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << EOF
# Begin Qt addition
/opt/qt4/lib
# End Qt addition
EOF
ldconfig
As the root
user, create the
/etc/profile.d/qt4.sh
file:
cat > /etc/profile.d/qt4.sh << EOF
# Begin /etc/profile.d/qt4.sh
QT4DIR=/opt/qt4
pathappend /opt/qt4/bin PATH
pathappend /opt/qt4/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
export QT4DIR
# End /etc/profile.d/qt4.sh
EOF
Choosing Qt Program Versions
If you install both Qt4 and Qt5, you can use some simple scripts
to select the currently active set of Qt programs. As the
root
user, create the following
scripts:
cat > /usr/bin/setqt4 << 'EOF'
if [ "x$QT5DIR" != "x/usr" ]; then pathremove $QT5DIR/bin; fi
if [ "x$QT4DIR" != "x/usr" ]; then pathprepend $QT4DIR/bin; fi
echo $PATH
EOF
cat > /usr/bin/setqt5 << 'EOF'
if [ "x$QT4DIR" != "x/usr" ]; then pathremove $QT4DIR/bin; fi
if [ "x$QT5DIR" != "x/usr" ]; then pathprepend $QT5DIR/bin; fi
echo $PATH
EOF
You should now be able to use the appropriate Qt version by
running source
setqt4 or source
setqt5 as desired. (Setting the PATH wont work in
a subshell.) Another technique that can be used is to create
appropriate alias additions to your ~/.bashrc like alias setqt4='source setqt4'.
Contents
Installed Programs:
assistant, designer, lconvert, linguist,
lrelease, lupdate, moc, pixeltool, qcollectiongenerator,
qdbuscpp2xml, qdbus, qdbusviewer, qdbusxml2cpp, qdoc3,
qhelpconverter, qhelpgenerator, qmake, qmlplugindump,
qmlviewer, qt3to4, qtconfig, qttracereplay, rcc, uic3, uic,
xmlpatterns, and xmlpatternsvalidator
Installed Libraries:
libQt3Support.so, libQtCLucene.so,
libQtCore.so, libQtDBus.so, libQtDeclarative.so,
libQtDesignerComponents.so, libQtDesigner.so, libQtGui.so,
libQtHelp.so, libQtMultimedia.so, libQtNetwork.so,
libQtOpenGL.so, libQtScript.so, libQtScriptTools.so,
libQtSql.so, libQtSvg.so, libQtTest.so, libQtWebKit.so,
libQtXmlPatterns.so, and libQtXml.so
Installed Directories:
/usr/include/qt4, /usr/lib/qt4,
/usr/share/doc/qt4, and /usr/share/qt4 OR /opt/qt4 and
/opt/qt-4.8.5
Short Descriptions
assistant
|
is a tool for presenting on-line documentation.
|
designer
|
is a full-fledged GUI builder. It includes powerful
features such as preview mode, automatic widget layout,
support for custom widgets, and an advanced property
editor.
|
linguist
|
provides support for translating applications into local
languages.
|
lrelease
|
is a simple command line tool. It reads a Qt project file
and produces message files used by the application.
|
lupdate
|
reads a Qt project file, finds the translatable strings
in the specified source, header and Qt Designer interface
files, and produces or updates the translation files
listed in the project file.
|
moc
|
generates Qt meta object support code.
|
pixeltool
|
is a desktop magnifier and as you move your mouse around
the screen it will show the magnified contents in its
window.
|
qmake
|
uses information stored in project files to determine
what should go in the makefiles it generates.
|
qt3to4
|
qt3to4 is a tool to help update Qt3 code to Qt4.
|
qtconfig
|
is used to customize the appearance of Qt applications.
|
rcc
|
is a resource compiler used in conjunction with designer.
|
uic
|
is a Qt user interface compiler.
|
uic3
|
is a tool to generate Qt4 code out of user interface
files generated by the Qt3 version of designer.
|
Last updated on 2014-03-04 05:30:09 -0800