Beyond Linux® From Scratch - Version 7.4

Chapter 22. Databases

MySQL-5.6.13

Introduction to MySQL

MySQL is a widely used and fast SQL database server. It is a client/server implementation that consists of a server daemon and many different client programs and libraries.

This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.4 platform.

Package Information

Additional Downloads

MySQL Dependencies

Required

CMake-2.8.11.2

Recommended

libevent-2.0.21 and OpenSSL-1.0.1e

Optional

libaio and libedit

User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/mysql

Installation of MySQL

For security reasons, running the server as an unprivileged user and group is strongly encouraged. Issue the following (as root) to create the user and group: 

groupadd -g 40 mysql &&
useradd -c "MySQL Server" -d /srv/mysql -g mysql -s /bin/false -u 40 mysql

If the MySQL server is not needed, it is possible to build only the client libraries of MySQL. To do this you need to add -DWITHOUT_SERVER=ON to the cmake command below.

MySQL contains an embedded server library. By default, it is built as a statically linked library, libmysqld.a, but by applying the optional patch, a shared version of this library can be built. The library is needed by certain applications, such as Amarok and it is recommend to use the shared libraries whenever it is possible.

There are numerous options available to cmake. Check the output of the `cmake . -LH` for additional customization options. See the MySQL Documentation for a full listing of all options.

If you want to build shared version of the embedded server library, apply the following patch: 

patch -Np1 -i ../mysql-5.6.13-embedded_library_shared-1.patch

Install MySQL by running the following commands: 

sed -i "/ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(sql\/share)/d" CMakeLists.txt &&
sed -i "s/ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(libmysql)/&\\nADD_SUBDIRECTORY(sql\/share)/" CMakeLists.txt &&
sed -i "s@data/test@\${INSTALL_MYSQLSHAREDIR}@g" sql/CMakeLists.txt &&
sed -i "s@data/mysql@\${INSTALL_MYSQLTESTDIR}@g" sql/CMakeLists.txt &&

sed -i "s/srv_buf_size/srv_sort_buf_size/" storage/innobase/row/row0log.cc &&

mkdir build &&
cd build &&

cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release                    \
      -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr                   \
      -DINSTALL_DOCDIR=share/doc/mysql              \
      -DINSTALL_DOCREADMEDIR=share/doc/mysql        \
      -DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include/mysql            \
      -DINSTALL_INFODIR=share/info                  \
      -DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man                    \
      -DINSTALL_MYSQLDATADIR=/srv/mysql             \
      -DINSTALL_MYSQLSHAREDIR=share/mysql           \
      -DINSTALL_MYSQLTESTDIR=share/mysql/test       \
      -DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib/mysql/plugin          \
      -DINSTALL_SBINDIR=sbin                        \
      -DINSTALL_SCRIPTDIR=bin                       \
      -DINSTALL_SQLBENCHDIR=share/mysql/bench       \
      -DINSTALL_SUPPORTFILESDIR=share/mysql         \
      -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/srv/mysql                    \
      -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock     \
      -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql                       \
      -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=OFF           \
      -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=OFF          \
      -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex                 \
      -DWITH_LIBEVENT=system                        \
      -DWITH_SSL=system                             \
      .. &&
make

To test the results, issue: make test.

Now, as the root user: 

make install
[Tip]

Tip

The only documentation shipped in the source tarball are mysql.info and man pages. You can download various formats of the MySQL Reference Manual from http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.

Command Explanations

sed -i ...: First two seds fix client-only builds. Last two seds set correct installation directories for some components.

-DWITHOUT_SERVER=ON: Use this switch if you don't want the server and would like to build the client only.

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex: This switch enables support for the complex character sets.

-DWITH_LIBEVENT=system: This switch is used to tell the build system to use installed libevent. Remove it if you didn't install libevent.

-DWITH_SSL=system: This switch is used to tell the build system to use installed OpenSSL. Remove it if you didn't install OpenSSL.

Configuring MySQL

Config Files

/etc/mysql/my.cnf and ~/.my.cnf

Configuration Information

[Note]

Note

If you are upgrading from previous major version of MySQL, be sure to consult the MySQL Reference Manual for notes on upgrading the software.

Create basic /etc/mysql/my.cnf using the following command as the root user: 

install -v -dm 755 /etc/mysql &&
cat > /etc/mysql/my.cnf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/mysql/my.cnf

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password       = your_password
port            = 3306
socket          = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /srv/mysql
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 16K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all.
skip-networking

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
server-id       = 1

# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables
#bdb_cache_size = 4M
#bdb_max_lock = 10000

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /srv/mysql
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /srv/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[isamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

# End /etc/mysql/my.cnf
EOF

You can now install a database and change the ownership to the unprivileged user and group (perform as the root user): 

mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr --datadir=/srv/mysql --user=mysql &&
chown -R mysql:mysql /srv/mysql

Further configuration requires that the MySQL server is running. Start the server using the following commands as the root user: 

install -v -m755 -o mysql -g mysql -d /var/run/mysqld &&
mysqld_safe --user=mysql 2>&1 >/dev/null &

A default installation does not set up a password for the administrator, so use the following command as the root user to set one. Replace <new-password> with your own. 

mysqladmin -u root password <new-password>

Configuration of the server is now finished. Shut the server down using the following command as the root user: 

mysqladmin -p shutdown

Boot Script

Install the /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql init script included in the blfs-bootscripts-20130908 package as the root user to start the MySQL server during system boot-up. 

make install-mysql

Contents

Installed Programs: innochecksum, msql2mysql, myisamchk, myisam_ftdump, myisamlog, myisampack, my_print_defaults, mysql, mysqlaccess, mysqlaccess.conf, mysqladmin, mysqlbinlog, mysqlbug, mysqlcheck, mysql_client_test, mysql_client_test_embedded, mysql_config, mysql_config_editor, mysql_convert_table_format, mysqld, mysqld_multi, mysqld_safe, mysqldump, mysqldumpslow, mysql_embedded, mysql_find_rows, mysql_fix_extensions, mysqlhotcopy, mysqlimport, mysql_install_db, mysql_plugin, mysql_secure_installation, mysql_setpermission, mysqlshow, mysqlslap, mysqltest, mysqltest_embedded, mysql_tzinfo_to_sql, mysql_upgrade, mysql_waitpid, mysql_zap, perror, replace, resolveip and resolve_stack_dump
Installed Libraries: libmysqlclient.{so,a}, libmysqlclient_r.{so,a}, libmysqld.{so,a} and libmysqlservices.a
Installed Directories: /etc/mysql, /srv/mysql, /usr/include/mysql, /usr/lib/mysql, /usr/share/doc/mysql and /usr/share/mysql

Short Descriptions

Descriptions of all the programs and libraries would be several pages long. Instead, consult the mysql.info documentation or the on-line reference manual at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/index.html.

The Perl DBI modules must be installed for some of the MySQL support programs to function properly.

Last updated on 2013-08-25 14:54:24 -0700